Name_________________________________
Date ___________

Use the following site to hunt for and answer the questions below.

http://www.geography4kids.com

ABOUT THE EARTH

1. Earth is the _____________ planet from the Sun.
2. Why does water remain a liquid on planet Earth?_________________ _______________________________________________________
3. What element makes up approximately 78% of our atmosphere? ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________
4. What makes this element special? ____________________________

THE PLATES

5. Tectonic plates can be described as __________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________
6. Tectonic plates float on the  _______________________ which is an area between the core and the __________________
7. Why is this area filled with molten rock? __________________________
______________________________________________________________
8. Does the pressure increase or decrease as you move toward the center of the planet?_________________________________________________
9. What keeps the iron and metals liquid and flowing in the core? _______________________________________________

AND A LIQUID IRON CORE

10. The flowing metal in our planet helps create something called ___________________________ that create large __________________
11. Why do we (planet Earth inhabitants) need a magnetic field?___________ ________________________________________________________
12. What are the aurora Borealis and aurora Austrailis? ______________
________________________________________________________

COMPOSITION

13. Examine the structure of Earth and her layers.  How did we get our layered structure? __________________________________________
14. The rules of ___________________were in action when the Earth and its matter came together. Those rules explain _______________________ substances moved towards the middle and the lighter substances wound up on top.
15. Use the figure to help you sketch a replica of it below:

THE MANTLES

16. Scientists break the mantle into ___________________________.
17.  They have the__________________ and the ___________________
18.  There are very small differences between the two layers. The upper mantle has______________________, compounds with silicon dioxide, and a substance called_____________________.
19.  The lower mantle is more _____________ than the upper mantle. It has a lot of that Olivine rock, iron, magnesium, and many silicate compounds (those are ones with SiO2).

THE CORES

20. Scientists break the core into two layers. First is the____________.
21. This huge sphere of molten______________, is floating and flowing around the inner core.
22. It’s believed that this layer actually creates the Earth's ___________________. It's a huge magnet in the center of the planet.
23. The inner core is under even more pressure. Even though it's just as hot as the _______________, there is such high pressure that it stays solid.
24. Use the space provided below to sketch what planet Earth looks like with all of its layers (don’t forget to include the crust in your sketch)

FIELDS OF MAGNETIC FORCES

25. Briefly describe how planet Earth experiences a magnetic field.
26. The magnetic field created in the center of the planet makes your compass point _______________ and protects the Earth from solar winds.

BREAKING APART THE STRUCTURE

27. If you look at the outside of the planet, you can see that about ____________ of the planet is covered by oceans of water. The rest of the 35% of the surface is made up of the ________________________
OCEAN ZONES
28. Let's look at the ocean zone first. Scientists break the floor of the ocean into three basic levels; The_______________ is the deep ocean floor. The ________________________is the middle layer. The final division is the___________________________the deepest part of the surface of the planet. Maybe you have already heard that the distance from the floor of the ocean to the top of a volcano in Hawaii is higher than any mountain above the surface.

LIKE A FOUR LAYER BURRITO

29. Does density increase or decrease as you move toward the center of the Earth? _______________________________Why? _____________________
_____________________________________________________________________
30. Describe the constituents of the planet:
Upper mantle, Lower mantle, Outer core and Inner core